Thoroughly perceiving and creatively solving the universality and specificity of the Vietnamese revolution
The starting point but also the target direction of awareness to form Ho Chi Minh's thought is reality. That fact is the historical situation in the country, in the face of the situation where the country has lost its home, and the whole nation is immersed in a long night of slavery, it is necessary to find a way to save the country, save the people, and bring the nation from slavery to independence, freedom, awakening people about the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That practice is proletarian labor, associated with work, study and struggle during the 30-year journey to find the truth (1911-1941).
He went to the West, to the enemy's lair, France, to learn the essence of imperialism and colonialism, to find a way to overthrow it to liberate the nation. That practice is also surveying the world situation, recognizing friends and enemies, absorbing the light of the October Revolution and enlightening Marxism-Leninism, step by step, accumulating knowledge and experience. He examines all doctrines to shape by choice Leninism, Marxism-Leninism, reaching the turning point from patriot to communist soldier.
During that ideological journey, Nguyen Tat Thanh-Van Ba-Nguyen Ai Quoc formed revolutionary theory from practice, became enlightened about the stance and views of the working class, and properly handle class and nation relations, place the national liberation revolution in the orbit of the proletariat revolution, combine national strength with the strength of the times, uphold independence and self-reliance “bringing my strength to set me free".
The science of Ho Chi Minh's thought helped him find the best answer when approaching Lenin's genius thought on the right to self-determination of nations and discovering the inevitable law of the Vietnamese revolution in the transitional period from capitalism to socialism. National independence associated with socialism became a red thread, covering, throughout his ideological system. For Vietnam, the demand for national liberation comes first from a working class standpoint. And Vietnam's socialism is transitionally ignoring capitalism to socialism, which is a historical necessity prescribed by the times. Ho Chi Minh emphasized that it is the biggest feature of Vietnam on the road to socialism. Moreover, revolution must first have a Party, the Party must have fundamentalism. A party without ideology is like a person without wisdom, like a ship without a guide. Thatism, he has chosen is Leninism, Marxism-Leninism because it is the most genuine and most revolutionary ideology (1).
Thanks to a practical point of view, imbued with Lenin's instruction “to analyze in detail a specific situation, which is the essence and living soul of Marxism", Ho Chi Minh correctly identified the combination of universality and specificity of the Vietnamese revolution, first of all in the law of establishing the Communist Party of Vietnam “combining Marxism-Leninism with the workers' movement and patriotic movement of the Vietnamese people". Those are his important theoretical discoveries.
Devoted many new ideas and views on the Party
As a genius thinker and organizer of the Vietnamese revolution, he determined that the unity of theory and practice was the essence and supreme principle of Marxism-Leninism. He instructs us: “Practice produces understanding. Knowledge advances to reasoning. Theory leads practice" (2).
It is a great thought, imbued with a practical perspective, which is the scientific basis for “theory in relation to practice", “study goes as a pair with practice", “talk the talk, walk the walk" as he constantly reminds us.
The science in Ho Chi Minh's thought is also evident in the development perspective, the innovation perspective associated with international integration. People with innovative thinking, integrate very early. The person who gave the message to the world: “Vietnam wishes to be a friend of democratic countries, Vietnam will not hold grudges against anyone", making the most of international support, add friends and reduce enemies, and create a peaceful environment for development. In 1947, when the resistance war against the French colonialists returned, in Viet Bac, in the safe zone (ATK), he wrote two important works “Doi song moi" (New Life) (March 1947, with the pseudonym Tan Sinh) and “Sua doi loi lam viec" (Revising the way of working) (October 1947, under the pseudonym X.Y.Z). “Doi song moi" solves the dialectical relationship between the old and the new, upholds the revolutionary ethics of need, thrift, integrity in each person's daily life, builds a new lifestyle and a new culture…
“Sua doi loi lam viec" is the first work that raises the question of renewal when the Party is in power and first of all, it is necessary to renew the Party to promote social innovation that chooses the key and breakthrough idea is “to must modify the Party's working style", that is, renewing methods, leadership styles, and the Party's leadership and ruling style. He pointed out 12 things to build a truly revolutionary Party. With only 456 words, these 12 articles have shaped a doctrine, the doctrine of building the ruling Communist Party, in the conditions and circumstances of Vietnam of “both resistance war and national construction".
His work highlights a great ideology “based on the people to build the Party", with special emphasis on the quality of the cadres, the way of leadership, the way of using people, including the use of talents outside the Party, are topical and modern to this day for our Party. He also wrote “Call for patriotic emulation" (1948), “Civil campaign" (1949) also imbued with innovative ideas on scientific-humanistic and democratic orientations. These are important strategic guidelines to create motivation for development, strengthen the flesh-and-blood relationship between the Party and the people, so that the whole Party and people make great efforts to make that “the resistance will definitely win", “nation building will surely succeed", with the power of “solidarity, solidarity, great solidarity, success, success, great success" (3).
The decisive issue is that the Party must be very clean, very strong, the leadership of the Party must be correct and wise, lead in a scientific and democratic manner, lead by example, set an example and be responsible for setting an example, especially that of leading agencies and leaders. This scientific value in Ho Chi Minh's thought is illuminating our Party today in the process of building and rectifying the Party, imbued with his teachings: “The Party is morality and civilization"(4), “a vital example is worth more than hundreds of propaganda speeches", in the practical and simple way “party members go first, the people follow".
In Ho Chi Minh's thought, science is especially prominent when he talks about “building and rectifying the Party", about “practicing democracy, building a democratic state - rule of law – humanity" of the people, by the people, for the people, to exercise and promote the people's substantive mastery; on front work, practice great solidarity, practice thrift, fight bureaucracy, waste and embezzlement. In the 60s of the 20th century, when he directed the “3 things to build, 3 things to prevent" movement, he considered this to be an internal revolution. He especially emphasized the responsibility and exemplary ethics of cadres and party members (5).
Fighting individualism like fighting the “invasion enemy", the most dangerous enemy, must strive to “improve revolutionary morality, wipe out individualism". This is one of the last works of his life, also a topic that he often cares about throughout his life, crystallized in the sacred “Will" that “firstly talking about the Party" and “the first is work with people".
Ho Chi Minh's unique theoretical value on socialism
Ho Chi Minh also brings deep scientific insights on socialism and building socialism in Vietnam. He laid the foundation for scientific socialist theory and built socialism in the specificity of Vietnam, providing the clearest answers to the biggest questions: what is socialism? Why choose the path of socialist development as an inevitability and how to build socialism in Vietnam? By what means, by what methods? with specific conditions and steps? Nationalism, peopleliness, creativity and innovation are strongly expressed in Ho Chi Minh's theory of socialism.
According to Ho Chi Minh, socialism is “rich people, strong countries", “democracy and justice", the happiness of people from food, clothing, education to democratic rights and mastery. He advocated “doing things for the good of the people, avoiding harm to the people", “doing nothing against the people's will", “trying to liberate the people's strength, develop the people's strength, foster the people's strength and save the people's energy". The best way to have socialism is to “bring people's talents and people's strength to benefit the people, to pursue happiness for the people". It must be clearly seen that “socialism plus science is an inexhaustible source of strength", focusing synchronously from strengthening the political regime to economic, cultural, social and human development, for the benefit of the people in the immediate and long term. It is necessary to comprehensively combine aspects and fields, associated with building socialism and defending the socialist Fatherland with domestic, foreign affairs, defense and security strength. It is necessary to learn and creatively apply experiences and lessons from brotherly countries rather than applying mechanically, dogmatically, subjectively, secondedly.
It can be said that the science of Ho Chi Minh's thought, especially his thought on socialism and socialism construction, highlights the requirements "in accordance with the law, in accordance with the people's wishes and in accordance with the times", so that "material life is increasing, spiritual life is getting better and better, society is becoming more and more civilized and advanced" (6). That is the view of development that the prominent Marxist thinker, the excellent practical dialectician Ho Chi Minh guided and practiced himself to set an example for us to follow.
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Professor, PhD. HOANG CHI BAO (Senior expert, former Member of the Central Theoretical Council)
(1) Ho Chi Minh Complete Collection, cited book, volume 2, p.289 (Duong cach menh).
(2) Ho Chi Minh Complete Collection, cited book, volume 7, p.120.
(3) Ho Chi Minh Complete Collection, cited book, volume 13, p.119, 455.
(4) Ho Chi Minh Complete Collection, cited book, volume 12, p.403.
(5) Ho Chi Minh Complete Collection, cited book, volume 14, p.142, 421.
(6) Ho Chi Minh Complete Collection, cited book, volume 13, p.438.
According to the People's Army newspaper online
https://www.qdnd.vn/phong-chong-tu-dien-bien-tu-chuyen-hoa/bai-2-tinh-khoa-hoc-la-dac-tinh-co-ban-cot-yeu-cua-tu-tuong-ho-chi-minh-694996
